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Values are a) beliefs; b) pertaining to desirable end states or modes of conduct; that c) transcend specific situations; and d) guide selection or evaluation of behavior, people, and events. Values represent responses to universal requirements of people living in society .
Schwartz, S. H. (1994). Are there universal aspects in the structure and contents of human values? Journal of Social Issues, 50, 19–45. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-4560.1994.tb01196.x